安装Xen、创建Xen虚拟机、使用Xen虚拟机过程中经常出现的错误总结
(1) 启动 Xend 时出现错误 ImportError: /usr /lib/python/xen/lowlevel/acm.so: undefined symbol: Py_InitModule4
(2) 使用 virt-install 创建Xen虚拟机时出现错误：ERROR virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效
(3) virt-manager 中连接虚拟机管理者Dom 0时出现错误：虚拟机管理者连接失败 libvirtError: virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed
(4) virt-install 安装虚拟机是出现错误：ERROR 无法连接到 ‘localhost:8000′: 拒绝连接
(5) virt-manager 安装Xen虚拟机连接网络时nat和桥接设备均为空，无法选择，安装不能继续
(6) virt-manager 或者 virt-install 安装虚拟机系统过程中出现错误：
‘libvirt.libvirtError virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err ‘Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.
(7)半虚拟化安装，选择nat上网方式、IP配置使用 DHCP 方式时，虚拟机系统安装过程卡在 TCP/IP 配置界面，停滞不前
错误总结
使用 CentOS 5.2 默认安装的 Xen，启动 Xend 时出现如下错误：
(1) 启动 Xend 时出现错误 ImportError: /usr /lib/python/xen/lowlevel/acm.so: undefined symbol: Py_InitModule4
————————————————————————————–
[root@glnode04 ~]# xend
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/sbin/xend”, line 51, in <module>
from xen.xend.server import SrvDaemon
File “/usr/lib64/python/xen/xend/server/SrvDaemon.py”, line 20, in <module>
import xen.lowlevel.xc
ImportError: /usr/lib64/python/xen/lowlevel/xc.so: undefined symbol: Py_InitModule4
[root@glnode04 ~]# xm list
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/sbin/xm”, line 8, in <module>
from xen.xm import main
File “/usr/lib/python/xen/xm/main.py”, line 45, in <module>
from xen.util import security
File “/usr/lib/python/xen/util/security.py”, line 25, in <module>
from xen.lowlevel import acm
ImportError: /usr/lib/python/xen/lowlevel/acm.so: undefined symbol: Py_InitModule4
—————————————————————————————-
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原因分析和解决办法：
直觉是 python import 时出现的错误，查看文件/usr/sbin/xend，第51行是“from xen.xend.server import SrvDaemon”，就是这行出错。
查看 python 版本
[root@glnode04 ~]# python -V
Python 2.5
查看 python 安装路径
[root@glnode04 ~]# which python
/usr/local/bin/python
查看系统安装的 python 的rpm包版本
[root@glnode04 ~]# rpm -q python
python-2.4.3-21.el5 从这可以看出 python 版本和 rpm 包所示的版本不一致，这个 rpm 包是 CentOS 5.2 自带的.
系统是CentOS 5.2, 我们发现使用的不是CentOS 5.2 默认安装的 python，默认安装的是 Python 2.4.3，CentOS 5.2 默认将python安装在/usr/bin下。
[root@glnode04 ~]# /usr/bin/python -V
Python 2.4.3
由此可以想到可能是环境变量 PATH 的设置导致我们在命令行执行 python 时使用的是 /usr/local/bin/python，可能是 PATH 的值中 /usr/local/bin 在 /usr/bin 之前；
检查 ~/.bashrc 发现的确如此，环境变量 PATH 设置是 export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH，将其修改为
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin，然后 source ~/.bashrc，或者退出 shell，重新开启一个 shell，
测试 python ，发现使用的是默认版本。
[root@glnode04 ~]# python -V
Python 2.4.3
启动 Xend ，正常，没有问题。
[root@glnode04 ~]# xm list
Error: Unable to connect to xend: No such file or directory. Is xend running?
[root@glnode04 ~]# xend
usage: /usr/sbin/xend {start|stop|restart}
[root@glnode04 ~]# xend start
[root@glnode04 ~]# xm list
Name ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 7931 8 r—– 463.9
分析原因，是因为 Xen 是python写的，执行 Xen 相关工具时需要调用 python 相关库，如果版本对应不一致，或者库路径不一致，则会出错。
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(2) 使用 virt-install 创建Xen虚拟机时出现错误： ERROR virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效
—————————————————————————————-
[root@glnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5]# virt-install -n vm01-CentOS-5.5 -r 1024 –vcpus=4 -f vm01-CentOS-5.5.img -s 20 –nographic -l http://10.10.113.14:8888/mirrors/CentOS/5.5/
Would you like a fully virtualized guest (yes or no)? This will allow you to run unmodified operating systems. no
Starting install…
Retrieving file .treeinfo 100% |=========================| 417 B 00:00
Retrieving file vmlinuz.. 100% |=========================| 2.0 MB 00:00
Retrieving file initrd.im 100% |=========================| 7.7 MB 00:00
virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效
Domain installation may not have been
successful. If it was, you can restart your domain
by running ‘virsh start vm02-CentOS-5.5′; otherwise, please
restart your installation.
三, 20 4月 2011 19:21:08 ERROR virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/bin/virt-install”, line 502, in ?
main()
File “/usr/bin/virt-install”, line 462, in main
dom = guest.start_install(conscb,progresscb)
File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py”, line 813, in start_install
return self._do_install(consolecb, meter)
File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py”, line 834, in _do_install
self.domain = self.conn.createLinux(install_xml, 0)
File “/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py”, line 573, in createLinux
if ret is None:raise libvirtError(‘virDomainCreateLinux() failed’, conn=self)
libvirtError: virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效
—————————————————————————————-
############################################
解决办法：
安装前先启动 libvirtd 服务。
[root@glnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd status
libvirtd is stopped
[root@glnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd start
Starting libvirtd daemon: [ OK ]
原因分析:
出现此报错应该是主机的libvirtd服务没有启动，而virt-install工具在进行客户机系统安装的时候错误地将客户机的网卡连接到libvirtd服务起的网桥virbr0上，此时libvirtd是关闭的，所以virbr0也不存在了，就出现了上面的错误信息。
解决方法有两个：
（i）启动libvirtd服务后重新用原来的virt-install命令安装客户机操作系统；
#/etc/init.d/libvirtd start
（ii）、在原来的virt-install命令后面加-b参数指定需要连接的网桥，如果未调整网络，一般默认的网桥应该为xenbr0
要查看网桥的名称可以使用brctl命令查看
[root@glnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd status
libvirtd is stopped
[root@glnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5]# brctl show # libvirtd是关闭时网桥virbr0也不存在
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
[root@glnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd start
Starting libvirtd daemon: [ OK ]
[root@glnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd status
libvirtd (pid 20863) is running…
[root@glnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5]# brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
virbr0 8000.000000000000 yes
此处我们已经关闭了libvirtd服务，剩下的网桥的名称为xenbr0（如果创建了多个网桥，选择自己需要的网桥名称）
#virt-install -n kiro-test -r 256 –vcpus=1 -f /data/rh5 –nographics -p -d -l “http://192.168.0.1″ -b xenbr0
参考： XEN故障与解决方法汇总
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(3) virt-manager 中连接虚拟机管理者Dom 0时出现错误：虚拟机管理者连接失败 libvirtError: virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed
—————————————————————————————-
Unable to open connection to hypervisor URI ‘xen:///’:
libvirt.libvirtError virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/connection.py”, line 307, in _open_thread
self.vmm = libvirt.openReadOnly(self.uri)
File “/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py”, line 132, in openReadOnly
if ret is None:raise libvirtError(‘virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed’)
libvirtError: virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed
############################################
解决：
修改 xen 配置文件，按如下方式修改：
[root@glnode04 ~]# vim /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
(xend-http-server yes)
(xend-unix-server yes)
重新启动 Xend 服务
[root@glnode04 ~]# xend restart
############################################
(4) virt-install 安装虚拟机是出现错误：ERROR 无法连接到 ‘localhost:8000′: 拒绝连接
—————————————————————————————-
[root@gmnode14 vm01-CentOS-5.5]# virt-install -n vm01-CentOS-5.5 -r 1024 –vcpus=4 -f vm01-CentOS-5.5.img -s 20 –nographic -l nfs:10.10.113.14:/opt/CentOS/mirrors/5.5
ERROR 无法连接到 ‘localhost:8000′: 拒绝连接
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/sbin/virt-install”, line 861, in ?
main()
File “/usr/sbin/virt-install”, line 636, in main
conn = cli.getConnection(options.connect)
File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/cli.py”, line 126, in getConnection
conn = libvirt.open(connect)
File “/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py”, line 159, in open
if ret is None:raise libvirtError(‘virConnectOpen() failed’)
libvirtError: 无法连接到 ‘localhost:8000′: 拒绝连接
—————————————————————————————-
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解决：
修改 Xend 配置文件，然后，xend restart
[root@gmnode14 yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
(xend-http-server yes)
(xend-unix-server yes)
(xend-port 8000)
############################################
(5) virt-manager 安装Xen虚拟机连接网络时nat和桥接设备均为空，无法选择，安装不能继续
分析原因：
出现此报错应该是主机的libvirtd服务没有启动，
而virt-install工具在进行客户机系统安装的时候错误地将客户机的网卡连接到libvirtd服务起的网桥virbr0上，此时libvirtd是关闭的，所以virbr0也不存在了，就出现了上面的错误信息。
解决方法：
启动libvirtd服务后重新运行 virt-manager 来安装客户机操作系统；
#/etc/init.d/libvirtd start
但是这也只能保证 nat 选项中有 default 选项，桥接仍不能选择设备，要彻底解决Xen虚拟机网络设备问题请参考问题(6)
(6) virt-manager 或者 virt-install 安装虚拟机系统过程中出现错误：
‘libvirt.libvirtError virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err ‘Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.
—————————————————————————————
Unable to complete install ‘libvirt.libvirtError virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err ‘Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working. ‘)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/create.py”, line 611, in do_install
dom = guest.start_install(False, meter = meter)
File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py”, line 813, in start_install
return self._do_install(consolecb, meter)
File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py”, line 834, in _do_install
self.domain = self.conn.createLinux(install_xml, 0)
File “/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py”, line 573, in createLinux
if ret is None:raise libvirtError(‘virDomainCreateLinux() failed’, conn=self)
libvirtError: virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err ‘Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.’)
‘—————————————————————————————
############################################
原因分析：
从错误提示中可以查看到设备(vif) 不能连接，突然想到之前创建虚拟机时在网络连接设置时桥接方式不能选择，只能选择nat方式连接网络(见问题5)，很可能和这个问题也有关系；
解决办法：
因为我使用的机器是好几年前的，系统是 Cent OS 5.2，不知道xen相关包有没有安装正常，于是使用 yum -y install xen* 重新安装了 xen 相关包，发现有几个包的确没有安装上 。安装完毕，重启系统后创建虚拟机，该问题不再出现。
如何使用 yum 安装xen相关软件包，请参见 CentOS 5.4下使用yum安装Xen
2011-04-29 更新该问题
后来我在另外一台机器上做实验室时一直提示该错误，就算重新安装了 xen，还是无法解决问题，后来终于从一个国外的网站上得到了提示，这个网站现在不记得了，忘记搜藏了。
网站上说，启动虚拟机桥接设备需要这样几个内核模块支持：netbk ，netloop，于是我使用 modprobe 命令手动加载了这两个模块，并且重新启动了 xend，这是生成了网桥设备 xenbr0，
我的测试和使用日志如下：
安装虚拟机系统时，出现以下错误：
virt-install -n vm02-CentOS-5.5-full -r 2048 –vcpus=4 -f vm02-CentOS-5.5-full.img -s 20 –nographic -l http://10.10.103.14:8088/CentOS/5.5/
[root@hdfs05 vm01-CentOS-5.5-full]# ./install_vm.sh
Would you like a fully virtualized guest (yes or no)? This will allow you to run unmodified operating systems. yes
Starting install…
Retrieving file .treeinfo 100% |=========================| 417 B 00:00
Retrieving file boot.iso. 100% |=========================| 10 MB 00:00
Creating storage file… 100% |=========================| 20 GB 00:00
virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err ‘Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.’)
Domain installation may not have been
successful. If it was, you can restart your domain
by running ‘virsh start vm02-CentOS-5.5-full’; otherwise, please
restart your installation.
二, 26 4月 2011 09:23:28 ERROR virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err ‘Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.’)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/bin/virt-install”, line 502, in ?
main()
File “/usr/bin/virt-install”, line 462, in main
dom = guest.start_install(conscb,progresscb)
File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py”, line 813, in start_install
return self._do_install(consolecb, meter)
File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py”, line 834, in _do_install
self.domain = self.conn.createLinux(install_xml, 0)
File “/usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py”, line 573, in createLinux
if ret is None:raise libvirtError(‘virDomainCreateLinux() failed’, conn=self)
libvirtError: virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err ‘Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.’)
这是 xenbr0、vif0.0 未启动导致的问题。
重启机器后
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xend start
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xm list
Name ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 7931 8 r—– 40.5
[root@hdfs05 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1A
inet addr:10.10.111.5 Bcast:10.10.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:4942 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:111 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:681358 (665.3 KiB) TX bytes:14358 (14.0 KiB)
Memory:d8320000-d8340000
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1B
inet addr:10.10.141.4 Bcast:10.10.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4970 (4.8 KiB) TX bytes:552 (552.0 b)
Memory:d8360000-d8380000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:87189 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:87189 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:118287320 (112.8 MiB) TX bytes:118287320 (112.8 MiB)
[root@hdfs05 ~]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd
Usage: /etc/init.d/libvirtd {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|reload}
[root@hdfs05 ~]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd status
libvirtd is stopped
[root@hdfs05 ~]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd start 启动 libvirtd 服务
Starting libvirtd daemon: [ OK ]
[root@hdfs05 ~]# ifconfig ，生成了网桥设备 virbr0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1A
inet addr:10.10.111.5 Bcast:10.10.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:5082 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:175 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:710500 (693.8 KiB) TX bytes:23050 (22.5 KiB)
Memory:d8320000-d8340000
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1B
inet addr:10.10.141.4 Bcast:10.10.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4970 (4.8 KiB) TX bytes:552 (552.0 b)
Memory:d8360000-d8380000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:87613 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:87613 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:118861744 (113.3 MiB) TX bytes:118861744 (113.3 MiB)
virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet addr:192.168.122.1 Bcast:192.168.122.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:328 (328.0 b)
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xend stop
[root@hdfs05 ~]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd stop
Stopping libvirtd daemon: [ OK ]
[root@hdfs05 ~]# /etc/init.d/libvirtd start
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xend start
[root@hdfs05 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1A
inet addr:10.10.111.5 Bcast:10.10.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:5508 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:299 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:757440 (739.6 KiB) TX bytes:42402 (41.4 KiB)
Memory:d8320000-d8340000
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1B
inet addr:10.10.141.4 Bcast:10.10.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4970 (4.8 KiB) TX bytes:552 (552.0 b)
Memory:d8360000-d8380000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:91038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:91038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:123483512 (117.7 MiB) TX bytes:123483512 (117.7 MiB)
virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet addr:192.168.122.1 Bcast:192.168.122.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:398 (398.0 b)
xenbr0 未启动，
查看Xend启动日志，出现错误“Link veth0 is missing”
[root@hdfs05 ~]# vim /var/log/xen/xend-debug.log
1
2 Link veth0 is missing.
3 This may be because you have reached the limit of the number of interfaces
4 that the loopback driver supports. If the loopback driver is a module, you
5 may raise this limit by passing it as a parameter (nloopbacks=<N>); if the
6 driver is compiled statically into the kernel, then you may set the parameter
7 using loopback.nloopbacks=<N> on the domain 0 kernel command line.
8
使用脚本手动启动，出现错误
[root@hdfs05 ~]# /etc/xen/scripts/network-bridge status
============================================================
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:1d:7d:48:38:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.10.111.5/16 brd 10.10.255.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381a/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Device “xenbr0″ does not exist.
[root@hdfs05 ~]# /etc/xen/scripts/network-bridge start
Link veth0 is missing.
This may be because you have reached the limit of the number of interfaces
that the loopback driver supports. If the loopback driver is a module, you
may raise this limit by passing it as a parameter (nloopbacks=<N>); if the
driver is compiled statically into the kernel, then you may set the parameter
using loopback.nloopbacks=<N> on the domain 0 kernel command line.
查看加载的模块
[root@hdfs05 ~]# lsmod | grep net
nfnetlink 40457 2 ip_nat,ip_conntrack
正常情况下的 glnode04 上是：
[root@glnode04 Xenoprof]# lsmod | grep net
netloop 40129 0
netbk 129153 0 [permanent]
手动加载模块 netbk ，netloop
[root@hdfs05 ~]# modprobe netloop
[root@hdfs05 ~]# modprobe netbk
[root@hdfs05 ~]# lsmod | grep net
netbk 129153 0 [permanent]
netloop 40129 0
nfnetlink 40457 2 ip_nat,ip_conntrack
模块加载后重启 xend,
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xend stop
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xend start 启动消耗很长时间，像死机一样，网络跟断了一样，bash关闭了，过一段时间后网络好了。
……
[root@hdfs05 ~]# ps -ef | grep xend
root 4504 1 0 09:35 ? 00:00:00 python /usr/sbin/xend start
root 4505 4504 0 09:35 ? 00:00:00 python /usr/sbin/xend start
root 4813 4773 0 09:37 pts/1 00:00:00 grep xend
开启另外一个 bash，查看设备，发现 xenbr0 设备启动了
[root@hdfs05 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1A
inet addr:10.10.111.5 Bcast:10.10.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1079 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:80 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:158475 (154.7 KiB) TX bytes:12704 (12.4 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1B
inet addr:10.10.141.4 Bcast:10.10.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::21d:7dff:fe48:381b/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:552 (552.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:107602 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:107602 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:145810320 (139.0 MiB) TX bytes:145810320 (139.0 MiB)
peth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:7926 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:803 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1048526 (1023.9 KiB) TX bytes:140794 (137.4 KiB)
Memory:d8320000-d8340000
peth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:32 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:278 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:6444 (6.2 KiB) TX bytes:35772 (34.9 KiB)
Memory:d8360000-d8380000
vif0.0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:101 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1098 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:17258 (16.8 KiB) TX bytes:159729 (155.9 KiB)
vif0.1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:552 (552.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet addr:192.168.122.1 Bcast:192.168.122.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:468 (468.0 b)
xenbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:629 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:107389 (104.8 KiB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
xenbr1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
UP BROADCAST RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:440 (440.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xend stop
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xend start 生成的网桥设备不变，xend启动一次后，设备即生成了
[root@hdfs05 ~]# xm list
Name ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 0 7931 8 r—– 52.0
查看网桥设备
[root@hdfs05 ~]# brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
virbr0 8000.000000000000 yes
xenbr0 8000.feffffffffff no peth0
vif0.0
xenbr1 8000.feffffffffff no peth1
vif0.1
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(7)半虚拟化安装，选择nat上网方式、IP配置使用 DHCP 方式时，虚拟机系统安装过程卡在 TCP/IP 配置界面，停滞不前
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半虚拟化安装时，选择 nat 上网方式，IP 配置使用 DHCP 方式，此时卡在 TCP/IP 配置界面，
Xen Sending request for IP information for eth0 不能成功, 卡在这里，不能通过。
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解决办法：
IP选择手动配置，配置 ip地址/子网掩码；
全虚拟化安装时不存在此问题。
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(8) 启动虚拟机时出现错误：File “/usr/bin/pygrub”, line 28, in ? ImportError: No module named LiloConf
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[root@glnode04 xen]# xm create /etc/xen/vm01-centos-5.5-pv
Using config file “/etc/xen/vm01-centos-5.5-pv”.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/bin/pygrub”, line 28, in ?
import grub.LiloConf
ImportError: No module named LiloConf
提示 /usr/bin/pygrub 文件的第 28 行的 import grub.LiloConf 出错，这又是 python 的问题，import 出错。
手动执行 pygrub 命令，仍是出现这样的错误.
[root@glnode04 xen]# /usr/bin/pygrub
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “/usr/bin/pygrub”, line 28, in ?
import grub.LiloConf
ImportError: No module named LiloConf
正常情况下执行 /usr/bin/pygrub 是这样的
[root@gmnode14 xen]# /usr/bin/pygrub
Usage: /usr/bin/pygrub [-q|--quiet] [-i|--interactive] [--output=] [--kernel=] [--ramdisk=] [--args=] [--entry=] <image>
[root@gmnode14 xen]#
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查看 /usr/lib 下 python 库，发现有3项:
[root@glnode04 xen]# ls /usr/lib/python
python/ python2.3 python2.4/
这地方有问题，CentOS默认安装的是Python 2.4.3，库文件和可执行文件的路径是:
/usr/lib/python2.4
/usr/bin/python2.4
而现在多了两个库文件python和python2.3，将这两项删除，或者重命名，再次测试，问题解决。
[root@glnode04 xen]# /usr/bin/pygrub
Usage: /usr/bin/pygrub [-q|--quiet] [-i|--interactive] [--output=] [--kernel=] [--ramdisk=] [--args=] [--entry=] <image>
[root@glnode04 xen]# xm create /etc/xen/vm02-CentOS-5.5-pv
Using config file “/etc/xen/vm02-CentOS-5.5-pv”.
Started domain vm02-CentOS-5.5-pv
启动虚拟机正常.
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